| openSUSE Documentation Part II. Administration / Chapter 7. Printer Operation | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
 | 6.8. Tools for RPM Archives and the RPM Database | 7.2. Methods and Protocols for Connecting Printers |  | |
| openSUSE Documentation Part II. Administration / Chapter 7. Printer Operation | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6.8. Tools for RPM Archives and the RPM Database | 7.2. Methods and Protocols for Connecting Printers | | |
Contents
openSUSE® supports printing with many types of printers, including remote network printers. Printers can be configured with YaST or manually. For configuration instructions, refer to Section “Setting Up a Printer” (Chapter 2, Setting Up Hardware Components with YaST, ↑Start-Up). Both graphical and command line utilities are available for starting and managing print jobs. If your printer does not work as expected, refer to Section 7.8, “Troubleshooting”.
CUPS is the standard print system in openSUSE. CUPS is highly user-oriented. In many cases, it is compatible with LPRng or can be adapted with relatively little effort. LPRng is included in openSUSE only for reasons of compatibility.
Printers can be distinguished by interface, such as USB or network, and printer language. When buying a printer, make sure that the printer has an interface (like USB or parallel port) that is available on your hardware and a suitable printer language. Printers can be categorized on the basis of the following three classes of printer languages:
PostScript is the printer language in which most print jobs in Linux and Unix are generated and processed by the internal print system. This language is already quite old and very efficient. If PostScript documents can be processed directly by the printer and do not need to be converted in additional stages in the print system, the number of potential error sources is reduced. Because PostScript printers are subject to substantial license costs, these printers usually cost more than printers without a PostScript interpreter.
Although these printer languages are quite old, they are still undergoing expansion to address new features in printers. In the case of known printer languages, the print system can convert PostScript jobs to the respective printer language with the help of Ghostscript. This processing stage is referred to as interpreting. The best-known languages are PCL, which is mostly used by HP printers and their clones, and ESC/P, which is used by Epson printers. These printer languages are usually supported by Linux and produce a decent print result. Linux may not be able to address some functions of extremely new and fancy printers, because the open source developers may still be working on these features. Except for HP developing hpijs drivers, there are currently no printer manufacturers who develop Linux drivers and make them available to Linux distributors under an open source license. Most of these printers are in the medium price range.
These printers do not support any of the common printer languages. They use their own undocumented printer languages, which are subject to change when a new edition of a model is released. Usually only Windows drivers are available for these printers. See Section 7.8.1, “Printers without Standard Printer Language Support” for more information.
Before you buy a new printer, refer to the following sources to check how well the printer you intend to buy is supported:
The LinuxPrinting.org printer database.
The Ghostscript Web page.
/usr/share/doc/packages/ghostscript/catalog.devicesList of included drivers.
The online databases always show the latest Linux support status. However, a Linux distribution can only integrate the drivers available at production time. Accordingly, a printer currently rated as “perfectly supported” may not have had this status when the latest openSUSE version was released. Thus, the databases may not necessarily indicate the correct status, but only provide an approximation.
The user creates a print job. The print job consists of the data to print plus information for the spooler, such as the name of the printer or the name of the printer queue, and, optionally, information for the filter, such as printer-specific options.
At least one dedicated printer queue exists for every printer. The spooler holds the print job in the queue until the desired printer is ready to receive data. When the printer is ready, the spooler sends the data through the filter and back-end to the printer.
The filter converts the data generated by the application that is printing (usually PostScript or PDF, but also ASCII, JPEG, etc.) into printer-specific data (PostScript, PCL, ESC/P, etc.). The features of the printer are described in the PPD files. A PPD file contains printer-specific options with the parameters needed to enable them on the printer. The filter system makes sure that options selected by the user are enabled.
If you use a PostScript printer, the filter system converts the data into printer-specific PostScript. This does not require a printer driver. If you use a non-PostScript printer, the filter system converts the data into printer-specific data using Ghostscript. This requires a Ghostscript printer driver suitable for your printer. The back-end receives the printer-specific data from the filter then passes it to the printer.
